Some of them are probably close relatives, both of common languages or other uncommon ones. But there are at least four language families spoken: Indo-European, Dravidian, Austro-Asiatic, and Tibeto-Burman. Some languages haven't been classified yet. India is one of the places with extreme language diversity. *sigh* For now, anyway.
I'm guessing all those Himalayan Mountains did a lot for geographical isolation in the past few thousand years, making dialects and linguistic variations for those valleys and peaks and so on.
That's it exactly. It was hard for people to travel, which made it easy for languages to exist in close proximity without mingling. Another place with extreme linguistic density is Aotearoa / New Zealand.
Well...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_languages_by_number_of_native_speakers_in_India
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Yes...