>>A logical and comprehensive plan distributes responsibility over a wide area, according to the resources for each level, and minimizes the tendency for people to try fobbing off responsibilities on someone else. It creates fault tolerance so that small problems don't snowball into big problems.<<

Summed up as:
1) You are responsible for the you can hold/provide for.
2) Do the best job that you can for what is yours.

>>Actually that was the supervillains. On a small scale, most good-sized gangs have a "patch room" of moderate medical equipment and at least one member who knows how to handle minor emergencies.<<

I'm half-tempted to suggest that most moderately-sized organizations (condo complexes, churches) should have something like this, or at least something that can be converted to this. (Heck; I'm also half-tempted to set up a convertible-to-a-patch-room if I've ever got a house/household larger than myself to worry about.)

>>Medieval Hospitalers<<

I have actually thought that churches should perhaps step up a bit re: public toilets/showers and other such societal amenities. I do think that you shouldn't force your religion on folks coming to you for help - that's just rude.

>>Planned Parenthood<<

Will have to look into this...

>>And we need a way to fund that which isn't based on local wealth, since black people typically live in poor areas.<<

Hmmm...I recall a system where everyone in the community gave some tiny amount of cash for a wedding...which would be repaid should the giver ever get married. That added up. maybe something like that could work - it seems similar to early insurance or the modern GoFundMe donation campaigns.

My only other idea would be to have some sort of monastery-hospital or equivalent...

Though the thought does occur to me: if the community social fabric is functional; you might mostly need to pay for the specialists. A lot of stuff could theoretically be provided by the families, local church, etc. (I think there are countries where a relative will go to the hospital to provide non-specialized care. Ha! wouldn't it be hilarious if people in America tried that 'to lower our medical bills'!)

>>One round of predatory financing is enough to teach most people to avoid anything they can't pay out of pocket, and then doctors bitch that women don't come to the ER with heart attacks. <<

I learned from /stories and logic/ about dealing with debt.

Other problem: Calling Emergency Services makes things worse. We usually hear about it with cops and ICE, but calling for someone who can't afford the hospital bill might be just as bad.

>>Best postapocalyptic currency anywhere that has them: tampons!<<

I so want to see a postapocalyptic story where a team of women goes around saving lives by teaching people how to clean water and dig latrines...while the immature Manchild they're somehow dragging all over creation keeps whining about the menial work and gets squicked out about bartering tampons and girl stuff!

[whining] "But why do I have to do the laundry?"
"Because you refused to help deliver the baby, and youre the only one who got any sleep last night! Now less whining and more working!"

...overall a neat inversion of the standard action hero running about guns-a-blazing, saving lives by shooting people before riding off into the sunset with a ditzy and scantily-clad woman...